Over the past 50 years, explicit protections against discrimination on the basis of certain aspects of identity, such as gender, race, and religion, have become increasingly common in constitutions worldwide. Today, 85% of constitutions explicitly prohibit gender discrimination, compared to just 50% of those adopted before 1960. Yet far fewer include language guaranteeing equal rights on the basis of disability, and just a fraction guarantee equal rights on the basis of sexual orientation or gender identity (SOGI). Further, many constitutions include language permitting discrimination against people with disabilities and those who identify as LGBT. This panel will examine the current status of equal constitutional rights on the basis of SOGI and disability, illustrate how these rights have evolved over the past five decades, including a statistical analysis of the evolution of LGBT rights, and provide an in-depth evaluation of national and international processes for change.