The paper proceeds to a literature review on the historical formation of a global governance, the rise of liquid authority and the construction of new fields of public law that have emerged transnationally (notably, the Global Administrative Law and Global Constitutionalism). By contextualizing these theoretical contributions into a brazilian historical perspective, the paper presents the hypothesis that countries where institutional development is historically weakened, democracies and national identities are put at stake by transnational liquid authority. And so it presents one of the great challenges for Public Law in the 21st century: to allow developing countries to participate actively in the rule-making of global governance, at the same time allowing them to keep their national identities, although the maintenance of these identities may imply conflicts with western thoughts which rule the international legal scope.