Global standards affect regulatory autonomy in a number of different domains: product technical requirements, food safety, aviation safety, environmental protection, financial regulation. Even though the EU could in theory try to compete with this process, in practice it is often de facto complying with global standards. At the same time, the EU tends to –...
Incorporation and endorsement: the EU, transnational networks, and private financial standards
Transnational regulatory networks (such as the Basel Committee, the Financial Stability Board (FSB) and the Iosco) and private actors (such as the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB)) have long been setting global financial standards, lacking formal binding force, but often perceived as having a hard impact. The implementation of financial standards coming from transnational networks...
Private Implementation of Global Standards in EU Law: The Case of Certification
Under the influence of WTO law, a private infrastructure for the implementation of international standards has emerged. The paper identifies its development out of independent conformity assessment bodies, called certifiers. The basis for the conduct of certification are International Standardization Organization (ISO) standards. The EU has intervened in different ways to integrate these global implementation...
The EU‘s compliance with environmental law standards established in the Aarhus Convention: coming together or drifting apart?
The EU is a Party to the Aarhus Convention (the Convention on Access to Information, Public Participation in Decision-making and Access to Justice in Environmental Matters), which establishes a set of environmental law standards in those areas. While implementing the Convention, the EU sometimes went beyond but other times has fallen short of the standards...
The role of European agencies in global health standards from global to EU to national level
This paper will analyze the role of European Agencies in the setting of global standards, focusing on the regulatory area of health (pharmaceuticals, foods, chemicals). In all these fields, European Agencies participate in the setting of standards on the global level e.g. in the ICH, the Codex and the OECD. They also play an important...